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Abstract
Hydrocassis mongolica, sp. nov. is described from Daqinggou Nature Reserve, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (China) based on morphological and DNA sequence data. H. mongolica, sp. nov. is similar to H. sichuana Ji & Schödl (1998), differing from the latter in body size and the structure of the aedeagus. The specific status of H. mongolica was confirmed using sequence data from mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear ribosomal markers (ITS2). The sequence data reveal no molecular variation within H. mongolica (COI: 828bp: 0; ITS2: 455bp: 0) and distinct differences from H. sichuana (interspecific pairwise distance: COI: 7.7%; ITS2: 2.7%–4.3%). The results demonstrate the value of DNA sequences for solving taxonomic problems that are difficult to resolve on the basis of morphology alone.