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Abstract
Some recently established details of the anatomy and neurophysiology of the auditory nervous system and neural mechanisms of hearing, speech and attention are presented as a background for understanding of hearing and language disorders in children.
Psychologic and behavioral effects of sensory deprivation and brain dysfunction are reviewed, as well as pathologic changes in the cochlear duct due to the viruses of rubella, measles and mumps. The ototoxic effects of certain antibiotics are emphasized. A method of investigation is described which provides for realistic appraisal of the whole child. Recognizing that a child may not respond to sounds for reasons other than deafness, the behavioral characteristics of deaf, brain-injured, mentally retarded, and emotionally disturbed children are outlined. Investigation of 500 children by this method indicates the incidence of the various disorders.