Total Color Blindness and Albinism

Abstract

Color blindness and albinism in children are frequently unrecognized. Color blindness may be either incomplete or total, and albinism may be universal, incomplete universal, or ocular in type. The most common symptoms in both disorders, aside from the reduced visual acuity, are photophobia and nystagmus. The pale appearance of the iris and fundus in albinism and the abnormal response to color vision tests in color blindness are important aids to diagnosis. The need for an exact diagnosis is stressed.