Neuro-ophthalmologic Signs of Extracranial Cerebrovascular Insufficiency

Abstract

Visual symptoms may be the first indication of carotid occlusive disease or of vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Common visual complaints are transient monocular blindness and binocular blurring, although such striking symptoms as hallucinations and diplopia may occur. Recognizing the significance of these episodes may aid in early identification of patients likely to have stroke.