Venous disease

Abstract

A number of newer noninvasive or minimally invasive diagnostic techniques overcome the inaccuracies of clinical diagnosis of venous disease.Among these are Doppler ultrasound; plethysmography, especially the strain-gauge technique; the ¹²⁵I fibrinogen uptake test; and radionuclide phlebography. Contrast phlebography is still the procedure of choice when diagnostic controversy remains or when facilities for the other techniques are not available.