Congestive heart failure in acute myocardial infarction

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Treatment of acute myocardial infarction has changed in recent years as the mechanisms and effects involved become more clearly understood. However, a hemodynamic classification system, derived in 1976 from the clinical presentation of these patients, remains useful in evaluating and choosing initial treatment of congestive heart failure in the peri-infarction period. Dr Hedberg describes the manifestations of heart failure by hemodynamic class as well as treatment regimens that are commonly used.