Two ear problems you may not need to refer

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Can you differentiate eczematous otitis externa from fungal otitis externa? Do you know what causes acute otitis externa? How to treat bullous myringitis? An otolaryngologist describes these and other conditions in this article, which is intended to help primary care physicians manage two commonly referred otologic problems and, most importantly, know when to refer patients for subspecialty care.

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Notes on contributors

John F. Biedlingmaier

John F. Biedlingmaier, MD Dr Biedlingmaier is assistant professor of surgery, division of otolaryngology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, and director, head and neck services, Maryland General Hospital, Baltimore.