Breathlessness

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Dyspnea can be a terrifying sensation that requires prompt medical intervention. Like pain, dyspnea is not well understood and may have many causes. It is usually due to underlying cardiac or pulmonary diseases, but these are often difficult to distinguish, and they may coexist in the same patient. In this article, Drs Seamens and Wrenn give a comprehensive review of the condition and recommend diagnostic and treatment strategies.

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Notes on contributors

Charles M. Seamens

Charles M. Seamens, MD Keith Wrenn, MD Charles M. Seamens, MD Keith Wrenn, MD Dr Seamens is assistant professor and Dr Wrenn is associate professor, department of emergency medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville.

Keith Wrenn

Charles M. Seamens, MD Keith Wrenn, MD Charles M. Seamens, MD Keith Wrenn, MD Dr Seamens is assistant professor and Dr Wrenn is associate professor, department of emergency medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville.