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ARTICLES

Assessing Climate Change in the Contiguous United States Using a Modified Thornthwaite Climate Classification Scheme

Pages 398-412 | Received 01 Jan 2007, Accepted 01 Dec 2007, Published online: 04 Jun 2008
 

Abstract

Climate change across the contiguous United States is investigated using a modified version of Thornthwaite's climate classification scheme. This approach allows both moisture and thermal conditions to be examined simultaneously for a better assessment of multivariate climate change. Changes in area of different climate types over time is determined using the climate year approach and the spatial nature of climate change is examined by computing climate types based on averages from three thirty-year periods over the twentieth century. Over the study period from 1895 to 2005, statistically significant changes in areal coverage of different climate types have occurred. In the eastern half of the country, climate divisions have become wetter and changed to moister climate categories. The most prominent change has occurred in the Deep South, where the climate has changed to both a lower thermal category and a wetter moisture category. Much of the country has experienced positive temperature trends, but only climate divisions in the Southwest and Upper Midwest show changes to higher thermal categories.

El cambio climático en Estados Unidos continental se está investigando con el uso de una versión modificada del modelo climático de Thornthwaite. Este enfoque permite el examen simultáneo de las condiciones de humedad y térmicas para evaluar mejor el cambio climático multivariable. Los cambios de área de diferentes tipos de clima a través del tiempo se determina con el uso de la estrategia del año climático, y la naturaleza espacial delcambio climático se examina calculando los tipos de clima con base en los promedios de tres periodos de treinta años del siglo XX. Durante el periodo de estudio de 1895 a 2005 han ocurrido cambios estadísticamente significativos en la cobertura de área de diferentes tipos climáticos. En la mitad oriental del país, las divisiones del clima tienen ahora un mayor contenido de precipitaciones y han cambiado a categorías climáticas más húmedas. El cambio más prominente ocurrió en el extremo Sur, donde el clima ha pasado a una categoría térmica inferior y a una categoría de mayor humedad. Una gran parte del país ha experimentado tendencias térmicas positivas, pero sólo las divisiones climáticas de la región del Suroeste y el alto Medio-Oeste muestran cambios a categorías térmicas superiores.

Acknowledgments

ANDREW GRUNDSTEIN is an Associate Professor in the Department of Geography at the University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602. E-mail: [email protected]. His research interests are in hydroclimatology, the cryosphere, and applied climatology.

Notes

*p < 0.10.

**p < 0.05.

***p < 0.001.

*p < 0.10.

**p < 0.05.

***p < 0.001.

*p < 0.05.

**p < 0.001.

*I would like to thank Dr. V. Meentemeyer for his helpful and insightful comments in the preparation of this article.

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