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Articles

A Regional Measure of Neighborhood Multiple Environmental Deprivation: Relationships with Health and Health Inequalities

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Pages 153-170 | Received 01 Jan 2011, Accepted 01 Aug 2011, Published online: 21 Mar 2012
 

Abstract

The health impacts of simultaneous exposure to multiple adverse environmental factors are of concern in the United Kingdom. UK-wide indicators exist, but context-specific finer resolution measures are lacking. An environmental deprivation index was developed for 398 neighborhoods (average population = 760) in a Scottish council area, including measures of air pollution, noise pollution, traffic environment, undesirable land uses, and crime. Adverse environmental conditions were related to ill health in the region and implicated in wider socioeconomic health inequalities. The results suggest an independent role for environmental deprivation in explaining poor health and health inequalities.

En el Reino Unido preocupan los impactos sobre salud por exposición simultánea a múltiples factores ambientales adversos. Existen indicadores a escala total del RU, pero faltan mediciones en contexto específico a escala más fina. Se desarrolló un índice de privación ambiental para 398 vecindarios (población promedia = 760) en un área comarcal escocesa, que incluyó mediciones de polución aérea, contaminación por ruido, entorno de tráfico, usos indeseables del suelo y crimen. Las condiciones ambientales adversar estuvieron relacionadas con mala salud en la región y se vieron implicadas en las desigualdades socioeconómicas más amplias de salud. Los resultados sugieren un papel independiente para la privación ambiental en la explicación de mala salud y las desigualdades por salud.

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