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Articles

The Properties of Topological Network Connectivity Measures and Their Application to U.S. Urban Freeway Networks

Pages 485-495 | Received 15 Mar 2015, Accepted 05 Oct 2015, Published online: 11 Jan 2016
 

Abstract

The mathematical concepts of graph theory were introduced into geography in the early 1960s, providing a means of conceptualizing transport networks as made up of nodes and links. Among the contributions were several measures of topological network connectivity known as α (alpha), β (beta), and γ (gamma). These ratio measures identified the level of connectivity present in a network. These measures attracted considerable attention before fading from view, although they have recently returned to prominence in several applications. Despite this renewed attention, the basic mathematical properties of these measures remain largely unexamined. This research investigates the properties of these three simple ratio measures and explores values and properties that might be typical in urban freeway networks. Although simple correlation reveals little relationship between connectivity and freeway structure, they can be used to identify several groups of freeway networks as well as identifying important details about the use and interpretation of these measures. It is likely that these simple measures will continue to be applied to new situations, and this article provides some guidelines for those applications.

绘图理论的数学概念, 在 1960 年代早期引进地理学中, 提供了将运输网络概念化为节点与链结的工具。这些贡献中, 有以 α (alpha)、β (beta) 与 γ (gamma) 闻名的若干地图绘製网络联结方法。这些比例方法, 指认一个网络中的连结程度。这些方法在从视野中消失之前, 吸引了大量的关注, 儘管它们晚近在若干应用中重新回復了声望。儘管有此般再度兴起的关注, 这些方法的基础数学属性却仍未被大幅检视。本研究检视这三个简易的比率方法的属性, 并探讨城市高速公路网络中可能是典型的价值与属性。儘管简易相关鲜少揭露连结性与高速公路结构之间的关联性, 但它们可被用来指认高速公路网络中的部分群体, 以及这些方法的使用与诠释中的重要细节。这些简易方法很可能会持续被应用于新的情境中, 而本文则为这些应用提供若干指导方针。

Los conceptos matemáticos de la teoría de grafos fueron introducidos en geografía a principios de los años 1960, lo cual aportó un medio de conceptualización de las redes de transporte, compuesto de nodos y enlaces. Entre las contribuciones de ahí derivadas se encontraban varias medidas de redes topológicas de conectividad conocidas como α (alfa), β (beta) y γ (gamma). Estas medidas ratio identificaban el nivel de conectividad presente en una red. Tales medidas atrajeron considerable atención antes de perderse de vista, aunque recientemente han retornado con prominencia en varias aplicaciones. A pesar de tan renovada atención, las propiedades matemáticas básicas de estas medidas permanecen en gran medida inexploradas. Esta investigación hace eso, investigar las propiedades de estas tres simples medidas ratio y explorar los valores y propiedades que podrían ser típicas en las redes de autopistas urbanas. Aunque la simple correlación revela poca relación entre conectividad y estructura de la autopista, esas medidas pueden usarse para identificar varios grupos de redes de autopistas lo mismo que para identificar detalles importantes acerca del uso e interpretación de estas medidas. Es probable que estas simples medidas sigan siendo aplicadas a nuevas situaciones, y este artículo suministra algunas guías para esas aplicaciones.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Joe Weber

JOE WEBER is a Professor in the Department of Geography at the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487–0322. E-mail: [email protected]. His research interests include transportation networks, changing urban geography, and national parks.

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