Abstarct
Open learning systems provide new rules for human agents and urgent challenges to educational technologists. Fears of de‐personalizing, uniform instruction that reflects an assembly‐line mentality must be countered by our recognition of differences in learning styles and background. In open learning systems, neither student nor teacher is confined to a particular place or time. Nor need students be confined to a particular route through knowledge. Moreover a human guide, or learning catalyst, is a valuable aid. How can the educational planner guarantee the human use of human beings?