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Notes
1 Daniel C. Brouwer, Marco Dehnert, and Shuzhen Huang, “Toward a Transnational Queer Counterpublic Rhetorical Studies” (unpublished manuscript, October 24, 2021), Microsoft Word file. This manuscript is part of an in-progress edited collection.
2 Daniel C. Brouwer and Marie-Louise Paulesc, “Counterpublic Theory Goes Global: A Chronicle of a Concept’s Emergences and Mobilities,” in What Democracy Looks Like: The Rhetoric of Social Movements and Counterpublics, ed. Christina R. Foust, Amy Pason, and Kate Zittlow Rogness (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2017), 84.
3 See, for instance, Brouwer, Dehnert, and Huang, “Toward a Transnational Queer Counterpublic Rhetorical Studies”; Brouwer and Paulesc, “Counterpublic Theory Goes Global”; Shuzhen Huang and Daniel C. Brouwer, “Coming Out, Coming Home, Coming With: Models of Queer Sexuality in Contemporary China,” Journal of International and Intercultural Communication 11, no. 2 (2018): 97–116, https://doi.org/10.1080/17513057.2017.1414867; Shuzhen Huang and Daniel C. Brouwer, “Negotiating Performances of ‘Real’ Marriage in Chinese Queer Xinghun,” Women’s Studies in Communication 41, no. 2 (2018): 140–58, https://doi.org/10.1080/07491409.2018.1463581.
4 Daniel C. Brouwer, “The Precarious Visibility Politics of Self-Stigmatization: The Case of HIV/AIDS Tattoos,” Text and Performance Quarterly 18, no. 2 (1998): 114–36, https://doi.org/10.1080/10462939809366216; Daniel C. Brouwer, “Nonverbal Vernacular Tactics of HIV Discovery Among Gay Men,” in Balancing the Secrets of Private Disclosures, ed. Sandra Petronio (Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2000), 97–108; Daniel C. Brouwer, “ACT-ing UP in Congress,” in Counterpublics and the State, ed. Robert Asen and Daniel C. Brouwer (Albany: State University of New York Press, 2001), 87–109.
5 Brouwer and Asen, Counterpublics and the State.
6 Daniel C. Brouwer and Robert Asen, eds., Public Modalities: Rhetoric, Culture, Media, and the Shape of Public Life (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2010).
7 In his 2006 essay, “Communication as Counterpublic,” Dan already questioned the generalizability of counterpublic theory to non-Western cultures. He called for critical examination of the social and political conditions in non-Western societies and exploration of their intellectual frameworks as a future direction for counterpublic theory. Daniel C. Brouwer, “Communication as Counterpublic,” in Communication As … : Perspectives on Theory, ed. Gregory J. Shepherd, Jeffrey St. John, and Ted Striphas (Thousand Oaks: Sage, 2006), 195–208.
8 Brouwer and Paulesc, “Counterpublic Theory Goes Global,” 79.
9 Brouwer and Paulesc, “Counterpublic Theory Goes Global,” 79.
10 Brouwer and Paulesc, “Counterpublic Theory Goes Global,” 77.
11 Brouwer and Paulesc, “Counterpublic Theory Goes Global,” 77.
12 Brouwer and Paulesc, “Counterpublic Theory Goes Global,” 82.
13 Brouwer and Paulesc, “Counterpublic Theory Goes Global,” 93.
14 Numerous works have used counterpublics to discuss historical anti-colonial or anti-authoritarian movements in East Asia, the Arab Spring protests (2010-2011), and feminist, labor, and queer movements in contemporary Asia. To name only a few, Dalia Elsheikh and Darren G. Lilleker, “Egypt’s Feminist Counterpublic: The Re-Invigoration of the Post-Revolution Public Sphere,” New Media & Society 23, no. 1 (2021): 22–38, https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1461444819890576; Jeongmin Kim, “Queer Cultural Movements and Local Counterpublics of Sexuality: A Case of Seoul Queer Films and Videos Festival,” trans. Sunghee Hong, Inter-Asia Cultural Studies 8, no. 4 (2007): 617–33, https://doi.org/10.1080/14649370701568086; Junxi Qian, “From Performance to Politics? Constructing Public and Counterpublic in the Singing of Red Songs,” European Journal of Cultural Studies 17, no. 5 (2014): 602–28, https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1367549413515256.
15 Barry Brummett, “Rhetorical Theory as Heuristic and Moral: A Pedagogical Justification,” Communication Education 33, no. 2 (1984): 97–107, https://doi.org/10.1080/03634528409384726.
16 This paragraph was later deleted from the manuscript to make a more focused articulation of transnational queer counterpublics. Brouwer, Dehnert, and Huang, “Toward a Transnational Queer Counterpublic Rhetorical Studies.”
17 Brouwer and Paulesc, “Counterpublic Theory Goes Global,” 83.
18 Brouwer and Paulesc, “Counterpublic Theory Goes Global,” 83.
19 Quoted from Brouwer’s message to Marco and Shuzhen on May 19, 2021.
20 Brouwer, Dehnert, and Huang, “Toward a Transnational Queer Counterpublic Rhetorical Studies.”
21 Shuzhen Huang, “Why Does Communication Need Transnational Queer Studies?” Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies 18, no. 2 (2021): 204–11, https://doi.org/10.1080/14791420.2021.1907850.
22 Brouwer and Paulesc, “Counterpublic Theory Goes Global,” 89.
23 Travis SK Kong, “A Fading Tongzhi Heterotopia: Hong Kong Older Gay Men’s Use of Spaces,” Sexualities 15, no. 8 (2012): 896–916, https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1363460712459308; Su Jung Nam, “A Critical Study on the Relationship Between Regenerative Governance and the Production of the Others’ Space: Focused on Gay Ghetto in Jongno 3-ga,” Midiŏ, Chendŏ, & Munhwa (Media, Gender & Culture) 34, no. 3 (2019): 5–52, https://doi.org/10.38196/mgc.2019.09.34.3.5.
24 Huang and Brouwer, “Coming Out, Coming Home, Coming With.”
25 Huang and Brouwer, “Negotiating Performances of ‘Real’ Marriage in Chinese Queer Xinghun.”
26 Minwoo Jung, “Embracing the Nation: Strategic Deployment of Sexuality, Nation, and Citizenship in Singapore,” The British Journal of Sociology, online first, https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-4446.12882.
27 Jiyeon Kang, “Old and New Questions for the Public Sphere: Historicizing Its Theoretical Relevance in Post–Cold War South Korea,” Media, Culture & Society 43, no. 1 (2021): 158–70, https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0163443720939480.
28 Brouwer and Paulesc, “Counterpublic Theory Goes Global,” 84.