Kategoria and apologia: On their rhetorical criticism as a speech set

Abstract

This essay demonstrates that a speech of accusation motivates a response in a speech of defense and that both should be treated as a rhetorical speech set. The author uses Fisher's motives of affirmation and purification, Bitzer's conception of the rhetorical situation, and the Classical schema of stasis to explicate the speech set. He offers Pope Leo X vs. Martin Luther as an illustrative example.