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Original Articles

Dealmakers in Place: Social Capital Connections in Regional Entrepreneurial Economies

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Pages 23-37 | Received 01 May 2010, Published online: 17 Nov 2011
 

Abstract

Feldman M. and Zoller T. D. Dealmakers in place: social capital connections in regional entrepreneurial economies, Regional Studies. This paper examines the internal anatomy of regional social capital and develops a role for dealmakers – individuals who provide active regional stewardship. An empirical analysis of twelve US regions finds great variation in the presence of dealmakers. The strong local presence of dealmakers is correlated with high start-up rates. The empirical results suggest that the local presence of dealmakers is more important for successful entrepreneurship than aggregate measures of regional entrepreneurial and investors network. Moreover, it is found that the presence of dealmakers is a better predictor of the status of the regional entrepreneurial economy.

Feldman M. and Zoller T. D. 交易商:区域公司经济的社会资本关联,区域研究。本文考察了区域社会资本的内在自主性,同时探讨了进行积极区域管理的个体作为交易商的作用。对美国12个区域进行的实证分析发现, 交易商存在较大的地域性差异。本地交易商的强弱与高启动率相关。经验性研究结果表明,相比区域公司以及投资网络的集聚效应而言,交易商的地方性存在对于公司的成功更具重要性。文章进一步发现,交易商的出现对于预测区域公司经济状态有着积极的意义。

区域经济发展 公司 社会资本

Feldman M. et Zoller T. D. Des opérateurs sur place: les liens de capital social dans les économies d'entreprise régionales, Regional Studies. Cet article cherche à examiner l'anatomie interne du capital social régional et à développer un rôle à jouer pour les opérateurs – des individus qui fournissent une gestion régionale active. Une analyse empirique de douze régions situées aux E-U laisse voir une variation importante de la présence des opérateurs. La forte présence locale des opérateurs est en corrélation étroite avec les taux de création. Les résultats empiriques laissent supposer que la présence locale des opérateurs est plus importante pour réussir l'esprit d'entreprise que ne le sont des mesures globales de l'établissement de réseaux régionaux d'entrepreneurs et d'investisseurs. Qui plus est, il s'avère que la présence des opérateurs est un meilleur indicateur du statut de l'économie d'entreprise régionale.

Aménagement du territoire Esprit d'entreprise Capital social 

Feldman M. und Zoller T. D. Dealmaker vor Ort: Verbindungen des Sozialkapitals in regionalen Unternehmerwirtschaften, Regional Studies. In diesem Beitrag wird die interne Anatomie des regionalen Sozialkapitals untersucht und eine Rolle für Dealmaker entwickelt – also für Personen, die für eine aktive regionale Steuerung sorgen. Bei einer empirischen Analyse von zwölf Regionen der USA stellen sich starke Schwankungen hinsichtlich der Präsenz von Dealmakern heraus. Eine hohe lokale Präsenz von Dealmakern geht mit einer hohen Anzahl von Firmengründungen einher. Aus den empirischen Ergebnissen geht hervor, dass die lokale Präsenz von Dealmakern für erfolgreiches Unternehmertum wichtiger ist als die gemeinsamen Faktoren des regionalen Unternehmertums und des Investorennetzwerks. Darüber hinaus stellt sich heraus, dass sich die Präsenz von Dealmakern besser zur Prognose der regionalen Unternehmerwirtschaft eignet.

Regionale Wirtschaftsentwicklung Unternehmertum Sozialkapital

Feldman M. y Zoller T. D. Negociadores disponibles: conexiones de capital social en las economías empresariales regionales, Regional Studies. En este artículo analizamos la anatomía interna del capital social regional y desarrollamos un papel para los negociadores – personas que ofrecen una administración regional activa. En un análisis empírico de doce regiones de los Estados Unidos observamos una gran variación en la presencia de negociadores. La fuerte presencia local de negociadores está relacionada con altos índices de creación de nuevas empresas. Los resultados empíricos indican que la presencia local de negociadores es más importante para el éxito empresarial que las medidas combinadas del empresariado regional y la red de inversores. Además, observamos que la presencia de negociadores es una mejor medida para predecir el estado de la economía regional empresarial.

Desarrollo económico regional Empresariado Capital social

JEL classification:

Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the Science and Technology Centers Program of the National Science Foundation under Agreement Number CHE-9876674. The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions of Frank Ethridge, Sarat Kocherlakota, Denis Gray, Gil Avnimelech, Nichola Lowe, Hugh O'Neill, Emil Malizia, Carl Stenberg, David Knowles and the Renaissance Computing Institutes at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, to this project. They thank Kay Spivey for providing invaluable support. The authors are listed alphabetically.

Notes

An analysis of the regions was performed to identify whether these metropolitan areas represented a single core metropolitan area, designated as a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), or a multi-core metropolitan area, designated as a Consolidated Statistical Area (CSA). MSAs have at least one urbanized area of 50 000 or more population plus adjacent territory that has a high degree of social and economic integration within the core as measured by commuting ties. CSAs represent larger regional units that reflect broader social and economic interactions characterized by multiple metropolitan cores. Where appropriate, the CSA was the preferred geographic unit (with seven of the twelve regions classified as a CSA) given that entrepreneurial activity and firm location is generally not confined to tight geographic boundaries of a single metropolitan area, that social capital is mobile and, most importantly, that geographic development patterns vary widely among regions. Orange County was distinctly defined in the literature as a county and was the only unit inconsistent with a Federally defined statistical area. This is defensible as Orange County is a part of a larger metropolitan area (Los Angeles), and the population of the county roughly represents the mean of the regions included in the sample. In addition, Orange Country operates as a relatively distinct economic unit. Geographic boundary definitions are derived from the Standards for Defining Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas published by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in Federal Register Notice (65 FR 82228 – 82238) on 27 December 2000.

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