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Original Articles

Intangible Investment and Regional Productivity in Great Britain

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Pages 1048-1064 | Received 01 Jan 2010, Published online: 11 Jun 2012
 

Abstract

Melachroinos K. A. and Spence N. Intangible investment and regional productivity in Great Britain, Regional Studies. Investment in intangible assets is considered to be an important driver of territorial competitiveness and wealth creation. Nevertheless, conventional growth accounting analyses treat most intangibles as intermediate expenditure and thus fail to capture the full effect of intangibles on output expansion and productivity dynamics. This situation has changed recently as a result of research that approaches a wider range of intangibles as capital. Based on such a national study, this paper investigates the significance of intangibles as a source of regional economic growth in Great Britain and the effect of these assets on the productivity performance between 1995 and 2004.

Melachroinos K. A. and Spence N. 无形投资与区域生产力在英国,区域研究。无形资产的投资被视为地域竞争力与财富创造的驱动力。但传统的成长会计分析将大多数的无形资产视为居中花费,因而无法掌握无形资产之于产量扩张与生产动力的整体效益。此一情况由于最近将广泛的无形资产视为资本的研究而有了转变。本文根据上述的全国性研究,探讨无形资产做为英国区域经济成长来源的显著性,以及这些资产在 1995 至 2004 年间之于产能表现的效益。

无形资产 全要素生产力 英国 区域

Melachroinos K. A. et Spence N. L'investissement incorporel et la productivité régionale en Grande-Bretagne, Regional Studies. On considère que l'investissement dans les immobilisations incorporelles est une force motrice importante de la compétitivité territoriale et de la création de richesse. Cependant, les analyses classiques de la comptabilité de croissance traitent la plupart des immobilisations incorporelles comme des dépenses intermédiaires et, par la suite, ne traduisent pas suffisamment l'effet global des immobilisations incorporelles sur l'accroissement de la production et la dynamique de la productivité. Récemment, la situation a changé suite à la recherche qui considère une gamme plus grande d'immobilisations incorporelles comme du capital. A partir d'une telle étude nationale, cet article cherche à examiner l'importance des immobilisations incorporelles comme source de la croissance économique régionale en Grande-Bretagne et l'impact de ces actifs sur la productivité entre 1995 et 2004.

Immobilisations incorporelles Productivité totale des facteurs Grande-Bretagne Régions

Melachroinos K. A. und Spence N. Investition in immaterielle Vermögenswerte und regionale Produktivität in Großbritannien, Regional Studies. Die Investition in immaterielle Vermögenswerte gilt als wichtiger Faktor der territorialen Konkurrenzfähigkeit und Vermögensbildung. Dennoch werden die meisten immateriellen Vermögenswerte in herkömmlichen Wachstumszerlegungsanalysen als intermediäre Ausgaben behandelt, weshalb der vollständige Effekt dieser Vermögenswerte auf die Produktionsexpansion und Produktivitätsdynamik nicht erfasst wird. Diese Situation hat sich vor Kurzem aufgrund von Forschungsarbeiten geändert, in denen ein breiteres Spektrum von immateriellen Vermögenswerten als Kapital aufgefasst wird. Auf der Grundlage einer solchen nationalen Studie wird in diesem Beitrag die Signifikanz von immateriellen Vermögenswerten als Quelle des regionalen Wirtschaftswachstums in Großbritannien und die Auswirkung dieser Vermögenswerte auf die Produktivitätsleistung im Zeitraum von 1995 bis 2004 untersucht.

Immaterielle Vermögenswerte Gesamtfaktorproduktivität Großbritannien Regionen

Melachroinos K. A. y Spence N. Inversión intangible y productividad regional en Gran Bretaña, Regional Studies. Las inversiones en activos intangibles se consideran un factor importante de la competitividad territorial y la creación de riqueza. Sin embargo, en los análisis convencionales sobre la compatibilidad de crecimiento, la mayoría de activos intangibles son tratados como gastos intermedios y, por tanto, no se capta todo el efecto de los activos intangibles sobre la expansión de la producción y las dinámicas de la productividad. Esta situación ha cambiado hace poco como resultado de un estudio que aborda una gama más amplia de activos intangibles como capital. Basándonos en un estudio nacional de este tipo, en este artículo analizamos cuál es la importancia de los activos intangibles como una fuente de crecimiento económico regional en Gran Bretaña y el efecto de estos activos en el rendimiento de productividad entre 1995 y 2004.

Activos intangibles Productividad total de los factores Gran Bretaña Regiones

JEL classifications:

Acknowledgements

An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 49th Congress of the European Regional Science Association (ERSA) in Lodz, Poland, 25–29 August 2009. Many thanks to Jonathon Haskel, Peter Goodridge, the participants of the Congress and two anonymous referees for comments on the previous versions of this paper. The usual disclaimers apply.

Notes

The limitations of the neo-classical model are well documented in the literature and a detailed discussion of them is outside the scope of this paper. Hulten Citation(2001) and Jorgenson et al. Citation(1987) offer comprehensive and authoritative discussions of the model and its restrictions.

Undoubtedly, econometric models can address these issues too, provided, of course, that not only is there a sufficient number of observations for a sensible calibration, but also that the measure of GVA used has been adjusted for intangibles.

The authors are grateful to Professor Jonathon Haskel for kindly providing these data.

This portion is assumed to build a reputational asset.

The regional employment data came from the ONS Annual Employment Survey Employee Analysis for the years 1991–1997 and from the ONS Annual Business Inquiry Employee Analysis for 1998–2004.

In 1989 it was assumed that the regional stocks of intangible capital were zero.

Although intangibles do not appear to exacerbate the dynamics of territorial inequality in terms of output and labour productivity growth rates, the same cannot be said about disparities in terms of GVA-per-head levels. Intangibles raise considerably GVA-per-head levels in London and the South East, while the performance of the remaining regions in relation to the national average deteriorates (Melachroinos and Spence, 2012).

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