Commonwealth Update

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Notes

1. biot.gov.io/stamps-and-coins/postage-stamps/

2. theguardian.com/world/2021/jan/28/un-court-rejects-uk-claim-to-chagos-islands-in-favour-of-mauritius

3. bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-58321580

4. theguardian.com/world/2021/may/16/un-favours-mauritian-control-over-chagos-islands-by-rejecting-uk-stamps

5. cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/british-indian-ocean-territory/#geography

6. lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/power-example-american-presence-diego-garcia

7. thenation.com/article/archive/atoning-for-washingtons-mass-kidnapping-in-the-indian-ocean/

8. theprint.in/defence/china-mega-fortress-djibouti-pakistan/11031/

9. lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/diego-garcia-american-perspective

10. ft.com/content/abbc879a-ac1d-11e6-ba7d-76378e4fef24

11. un.org/press/en/2019/ga12146.doc.htm

12. stripes.com/branches/navy/2021-08-08/us-britain-mauritius-chagos-archipelago-diego-garcia-dispute-2497755.html

13. aljazeera.com/news/2021/9/20/rwanda-court-finds-hotel-rwanda-hero-guilty-in-terrorism-case

14. youtube.com/watch?v = 2x8UzELvKlY

15. bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-58624691

16. reuters.com/article/uk-rwanda-politics-idUKKBN25S4RD

17. reuters.com/article/us-rwanda-genocide-anniversary-factbox-idUSKCN1RI0FV

18. bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-58604468

19. institute.global/advisory/praise-paul-kagame-during-latest-visit-rwanda

20. nytimes.com/2020/09/18/world/africa/rwanda-paul-rusesabagina.html?smid=url-share

21. hrw.org/news/2014/01/28/rwanda-repression-across-borders

22. rwanda-news.com/2020/11/30/us-scholars-on-arrest-and-trial-of-paul-rusesabagina-in-rwanda/

23. reuters.com/article/uk-rwanda-politics-idUKKBN25S4RD

24. newtimes.co.rw/news/rusesabagina-gets-25-year-sentence-over-fln-terror-attacks

25. aljazeera.com/news/2021/9/20/rwanda-court-finds-hotel-rwanda-hero-guilty-in-terrorism-case

26. cfj.org/news_posts/hotel-rwanda-proceedings-were-a-show-trial/

27. nationalpost.com/news/politics/election-2019/canadian-federal-election-live-riding-map-results

28. enr.elections.ca/National.aspx?lang=e

29. thestar.com/news/canada/2021/09/21/whats-next-for-canadas-greens-despite-electing-two-mps-party-sees-support-fall-to-20-year-low.html

30. policyoptions.irpp.org/magazines/november-2019/the-trudeaus-and-western-alienation/

31. enr.elections.ca/Provinces.aspx?lang=e

32. thetimes.co.uk/article/canadas-cowboy-country-gunning-for-justin-trudeau-in-election-fight-grh8ld9kn

33. bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-58472456

34. bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-58634730

35. cbc.ca/news/politics/erin-otoole-election-1.6182500

36. thestar.com/politics/federal-election/2021/09/14/far-right-and-white-nationalist-groups-urge-followers-to-support-maxime-berniers-peoples-party-of-canada.html

37. globalnews.ca/news/8156994/canada-election-race-week-3-ipsos/

38. calgaryherald.com/news/politics/election-2021/analysis-the-least-consequential-election-has-come-and-gone-with-deeper-political-divisions

39. theguardian.com/world/2021/sep/21/canada-justin-trudeau-election

40. deathpenaltyinfo.org/news/sierra-leone-becomes-23rd-african-country-to-abolish-the-death-penalty

41. deathpenaltyinfo.org/stories/news-brief-malawi-supreme-court-declares-the-countrys-death-penalty-law-unconstitutional

42. voanews.com/a/africa_malawis-supreme-court-makes-u-turn-death-penalty-ban/6209834.html

43. sierraloaded.sl/news/bio-thanks-parliament-abolishing-death-penalty-sierra-leone/

44. eeas.europa.eu/headquarters/headquarters-homepage/102467/european-union-commends-sierra-leone-abolition-death-penalty_me

45. dw.com/en/sierra-leone-abolishes-the-death-penalty/a-58620210

46. amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2021/07/sierra-leone-abolition-of-death-penalty-a-major-victory-2/

47. nytimes.com/2021/07/23/world/africa/africa-death-penalty-abolition.html?smid=url-share

48. nytimes.com/1998/10/20/world/24-linked-to-coup-executed-in-sierra-leone.html

49. voanews.com/a/africa_sierra-leones-parliament-votes-abolish-capital-punishment/6208719.html

50. theguardian.com/global-development/2021/jul/24/sierra-leone-abolishes-death-penalty

51. deathpenaltyinfo.org/news/malawi-supreme-court-retreats-from-opinion-that-declared-the-death-penalty-unconstitutional

52. voanews.com/a/africa_malawis-supreme-court-makes-u-turn-death-penalty-ban/6209834.html

53. deathpenaltyproject.org/the-death-penalty-in-the-commonwealth

54. amnesty.org/en/documents/act50/3760/2021/en/

55. nytimes.com/2021/07/23/world/africa/africa-death-penalty-abolition.html