Abstract
A new species of Ugandax Cooke & Coryndon, 1970, is named and described from the Hadar Formation, Ethiopia. The new species is thought to show well the mid-Pliocene stage of evolution reached by Bovini in Africa. The relationships of Ugandax to other fossil Bovini are discussed. The conclusions are that most African fossil bovines form a closely-knit group related to Syncerus cages that more than one bovine species may have coexisted from time to time, and that Simatherium is not a very satisfactory genus. The early species Simatherium demissum is moved into Ugandax. More fossil information about crucial details of bovine phylogeny is still needed to provide a stable taxonomy of African Bovini. It is not clear whether or not Pelorovis is to be included in a wider group alongside Syncerus.