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Abstract
The genus Metridiochoerus (Artiodactyla: Suidae) is well documented in the African Plio-Pleistocene, but its origins are obscure. We report here on a specimen from the Usno Formation (ca. 3.4 Ma) of Ethiopia that confirms the First Appearance Datum (FAD) for this genus. This earliest known upper third molar is the most primitive example of Metridiochoerus yet documented, and firmly anchors this long-lasting and biochronologically useful species lineage.