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GLOSSARY
Hominin: Refers to humans and their closest extinct predecessors whereas the term hominid includes other primates such as chimpanzee, gorilla and orangutan.
Anthropogeny: The study of humans in the past and in the present. Anthropogeny draws information from other fields such as physical sciences.
Mechanistic approach to cause and diagnosis of disease: The idea that one can remove damaged or faulty parts of the body without affecting other parts of the body.
Point mutation: Only one nucleotide is affected in a genetic sequence
Phylogenetics: The study of evolutionary history of a group of people. The analysis of heritable traits creates a phylogeny or phylogenetic tree.
Allele: A varying form of a gene at the same locus. One allele is inherited from each parent.
Phenotypic plasticity: The ability for an organism to change its phenotype or physical characteristics in response to environmental changes.
Pathogenic: Disease causing organisms.
Darwinism: The theory based on the evolution of a species. This is brought about by natural selection.
Fibrous dysplasia: An uncommon bone disorder that causes bones to become spongy and weak making fractures likely.
Mitochondrial DNA: DNA located in the mitochondria. The DNA is only passed on from mothers to their children which creates a direct line back to the first ancestor, the “Evolutionary Eve”.