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Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology Volume 32, 1997 - Issue sup222
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Original Articles

Metabolic Effects of Non-absorbable Carbohydrates

D. J. A. JenkinsClinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center and Division of Endocrinology, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada, and Dept. of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
,
D. G. PopovichClinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center and Division of Endocrinology, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada, and Dept. of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
,
C. W. C. KendallClinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center and Division of Endocrinology, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada, and Dept. of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
,
A. Venketeshwer RaoClinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center and Division of Endocrinology, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada, and Dept. of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
,
T. M. S. WoleverClinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center and Division of Endocrinology, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada, and Dept. of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
,
N. TariqClinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center and Division of Endocrinology, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada, and Dept. of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
,
L. U. ThompsonClinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center and Division of Endocrinology, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada, and Dept. of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
&
S. C. CunnaneClinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center and Division of Endocrinology, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada, and Dept. of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
 show all
Pages 10-13 | Published online: 01 Apr 2016
 
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Abstract

Food components which are incompletely absorbed in the small intestine or not absorbed at all but are delivered to the colon have been part of the diet throughout the course of human evolution. Our great ape cousins may derive 30% or more of their dietary calories from colonic uptake of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) generated in the colon. The metabolic effects of dietary carbohydrate entering the colon are many and include taxation, the growth of the fecal biomass, nitrogen entrapment and SCFA generation. These SCFAs in turn may nourish mucosal cells, spare glutamine utilization, enhance hepatic gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis and possibly influence renal handling of uric acid. The health implications are significant in terms of modifying risk factors for disease and disease prevention and justify interest in the metabolic effects of non-absorbable sugars such as lactulose.

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