The safety and efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided ablation therapy for solid pancreatic tumors: a systematic review

Abstract

Background and aims

Recently, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided ablation therapy, as a minimally invasive technique, has shown its potential to substitute surgery in treating solid pancreatic tumors, such as small potential malignant pancreatic tumors, small insulinomas and locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (LAPDAC). Therefore, we conducted this systematic review to assess the safety and efficacy of EUS-guided ablation therapy for solid pancreatic tumors.

Methods

We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library and Web of Science databases from inception to February 2020. The endpoints were clinical success and complications rates. The pooled event rate was calculated using Comprehensive Meta Analysis software.

Results

Fourteen studies with a total of 158 patients were included in our final analysis. The major types of solid pancreatic tumors were nonfunction pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (n = 78, 49.4%), LAPDAC (n = 48, 30.4%) and insulinomas (n = 26, 16.5%). Overall, the pooled clinical success rate was 85.9% (95% confidence interval (CI): 75.4–92.4%, I² = 25.18%), pooled complications rate was 29.1% (95% CI: 18.6–42.3%, I² = 50.40%). Subgroup analysis was performed based on ablation methods, which showed clinical success rate for radiofrequency ablation (RFA) was 83.5% (95% CI: 67.9–92.4%), and 87.9% (95% CI: 66.2–96.4%) for ethanol ablation (EA). In terms of complications rate, it was 32.2% (95% CI: 19.4–48.4%) for RFA, and 21.2% (95% CI: 6.8–49.9%) for EA.

Conclusions

EUS-guided ablation therapy is a promising alternative treatment for solid pancreatic tumors, especially for p-NETs and insulinomas < 2 cm, with rarely severe complications. Further prospective studies with long-term follow-up are warranted in future.

Keywords:

• Solid pancreatic tumors
• endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)
• ablation therapy
• radiofrequency ablation
• ethanol ablation

Disclosure statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Author contributions

Study conception and design: Xiaowei Tang. Acquisition and analysis of data: Chunyu Zhong and Muhan Lü. Drafting of manuscript and interpretation of data: Lu Zhang, Shali Tan, and Shu Huang. Revision of manuscript, and final approval of manuscript: Yan Peng, Xiaowei Tang.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Medical Science and Technology Plan Projects of Zhejiang Province under Grant Number 2017196257, Youth Foundation of Southwest Medical University under Grant Number 0903-00031099, Doctoral Research Start-up Funding Project of Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University under Grant Number 16229 and Cooperation Project of Southwest Medical University and Luzhou Government under Grant Number 2019LZXNYDJ24.