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Abstract
Background: This population-based study was undertaken to investigate the epidemiology of stomach leiomyosarcoma (GIS tumors) and to study the prognosis in affected patients. Methods: The Swedish Cancer Registry was used to identify all incident cases of stomach leiomyosarcoma from 1960 to 1989, and the Death Registry and the Registry of Population Changes were used for follow-up. Results: The age-standardized incidence in men increased from 1.0 per 106 per year in 1960-69 to 1.8 per 106 per year in 1980-89. The corresponding rates in women were 0.6 per 106 and 1.2 per 106, respectively. The relative 5-year survival was 39.4% in men and 62.4% in women (P = 0.03). There was no statistically significant improvement in 5-year relative survival during the study period. Conclusion: The observed incidence of stomach leiomyosarcoma increased during the study period, most likely due to improved diagnostic accuracy. The survival of patients with this malignant tumor remained unchanged.