Pasteurella multocida Meningitis: Case Report and Review of the Last 11 y

Abstract

Pasteurella multocida meningitis is a rare clinical occurrence. We report a new case and review the 28 other cases described in the English literature. A history of recent animal contact remains strongly associated with P. multocida meningitis (noted in 89% of all cases), with licking of mucus surfaces or injured skin being most common. Bacteremia was present in 63% of all patients. Spread from an adjacent site of infection continues to be an important factor, with otitis media being documented or strongly suspected in 24% of all cases. The presenting signs and symptoms were characteristic of bacterial meningitis, with fever, headache, nucal rigidity and an altered level of consciousness being present in most patients. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis was typical for bacterial meningitis. Penicillin G or ampicillin was the most common definitive treatment; however, third-generation cephalosporins have been successful. The mean duration of treatment was 14 d. Neurologic complications were present in 17% of patients overall and mortality remains substantial at 25%. Although not statistically significant, there is a trend toward decreased neurologic complications and mortality during the last 11 y.