Novel prophylactic effect of doxifluridine in superficial bladder cancer

Abstract

Objectives: The prophylactic effect of 5′-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5′-DFUR) has not been fully studied in superficial bladder cancer. The aims of this work were to investigate the prophylactic effects of 5′-DFUR in terms of tumor recurrence after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and to study whether thymidine phosphorylase (TdRPase) immunostaining predicts tumor recurrence. Material and Methods: A total of 112 patients with pTa or pT1 bladder cancer were eligible for the analysis and were allocated to either an adjuvant group (TURBT+5′-DFUR; n=47; initial 23 months) or a control group (TURBT alone; n=65, final 23 months). Tumor specimens were studied immunohistochemically using anti-TdRPase antibody. Results: Tumor recurrence was observed in 54 of the patients (48%) after a median follow-up period of 26.8 months. No significant clinico-pathologic bias was observed between the two groups. Although patients in the adjuvant group had a significantly higher recurrence-free survival rate than those in the control group when considering 78 patients with pathological T1 tumors (p=0.0272) and 65 patients who did not recur within 12 months (p=0.001), overall there was no significant difference between the two groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that 5′-DFUR administration was the strongest predictor of late tumor recurrence, which was defined as development of recurrence 12 months after TURBT (hazard ratio 5.744; 95% CI 1.495-30.45; p=0.0094). Immunostaining did not predict prophylactic effects of 5′-DFUR. Mild, reversible toxicity was found in 9/58 (15.5%) of the cases evaluated. Conclusions: Oral administration of 5′-DFUR after TURBT did not prevent tumor recurrence in the overall cohort, although this novel drug may have a prophylactic effect in patients belonging to several subgroups.

• Bladder Cancer
• 5′-deoxy-5-fluorouridine
• Thymidine Phosphorylase
• Tumor Recurrence