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Original Articles

First fossil occurrence of the jewel damselflies (Odonata: Chlorocyphidae): a new species from the Late Miocene of Styria, Austria

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Pages 280-285 | Accepted 07 Jun 2017, Published online: 17 Jul 2017
 

Summary

The first fossil representative of the jewel damselflies (Calopterygoidea: Chlorocyphidae), a family of large, prominent, and often brilliantly colored Old World tropical Zygoptera, is described and figured. Chlorocypha cordasevae n. sp. was recovered from the Late Miocene (Early Pannonian, Serravalian to Tortonian, c.11 Ma) locality of Paldau, in the Styrian Basin, Austria. The fossil seems to be related to the African genus Chlorocypha Fraser, and within a larger group of African genera also including Stenocypha Dijkstra, Africocypha Pinhey, and Platycypha Fraser, and collectively set apart from southern Asiatic genera. The discovery of a central European species of Chlorocypha as recently as the Late Miocene reveals a much wider range to the family than its generally disjunctive modern distribution, demonstrating a Neogene contraction to their range, likely in connection with climatic cooling, drying, and developing seasonality. Modern chlorocyphids live under warm, humid climates, and the presence of C. cordasevae in the Pannonian fauna of Paldau further corroborates such a subtropical paleoclimate for the locality at that time.

Résumé

Le premier Chlorocyphide fossile (Odonata : Chlorocyphidae) : une nouvelle espèce du Miocène supérieur de Styrie, en Autriche. Le premier Chlorocyphidae fossile (Calopterygoidea) est décrit et figuré. Ces Zygoptera de la zone intertropicale de l’Ancien Monde sont souvent brillamment colorés. Chlorocypha cordasevae n. sp. a été découvert dans le Miocène supérieur (Pannonien inférieur, Serravalien à Tortonien, 11 Ma) de Paldau, Bassin de Styrie, Autriche. Ce fossile se rapproche d’un groupe de genres africains modernes qui comprend les genres Chlorocypha Fraser, Stenocypha Dijkstra, Africocypha Pinhey et Platycypha Fraser, distinct de l’ensemble des genres d’Asie du Sud-Est. La découverte en Europe centrale d’une espèce de Chlorocypha dans des niveaux aussi récents que le Miocène supérieur révèle une distribution passée de cette famille beaucoup plus large que celle moderne, disjointe et drastiquement plus réduite. Ce phénomène est probablement en rapport avec les changements climatiques mio-pliocènes : refroidissement, assèchement et saisonnalités plus marquées. Les Chlorocyphidae modernes vivent sous des climats chauds et humides. La présence de C. cordasevae dans la faune pannonienne de Paldau sont un argument en plus pour l’existence d’un climat subtropical dans cette localité à cette époque.

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8939212B-52E2-44CA-AA18-1FD04D4DB223

Acknowledgments

We are thankful to two anonymous reviewers for their comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript, and particularly K.-D. Dijkstra for his many critical insights regarding the present fossil. This is a contribution of the Division of Entomology, University of Kansas Natural History Museum.

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