Cadmium Chloride as an Efficient Catalyst for Neat Synthesis of 5-Substituted 1H-Tetrazoles

Abstract

Cadmium chloride (CdCl₂) has been found to be an efficient catalyst for a neat [2 + 3]-cycloaddition of NaN₃ with nitriles to afford 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles in good yields. The shorter reaction times, greater yields of the product, and easy workup are the advantages of this methodology.

Keywords:

• Cadmium chloride as efficient catalyst
• good product yields
• NaN₃
• neat [2 + 3]-cycloaddition
• shorter reaction times
• 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles

Notes

^a Reaction conditions: Benzonitrile (1 mmol), NaN₃ (2 mmol), CdCl₂ (0.1 mmol), and DMF (5 mL); reaction time (6 h); 80°C.

^b Yields of isolated products.

^a Reaction conditions: Benzonitrile (1 mmol), NaN₃ (2 mmol), CdCl₂ (0.1 mmol), and DMF (5 mL) at 80–90°C.

^b Isolated yields.