Abstract
A fast and convenient Heck reaction was achieved catalyzed by Pd/C in aqueous two-phase system. The aqueous two-phase system has been shown to be a highly active solvent for Heck reactions of aryl halides even in the absence of organic ligands.
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
![](/cms/asset/59ed4c5c-da56-4eb5-899c-4dcada53b552/lsyc_a_535943_o_uf0001.gif)
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China (Project Y407240), and the Key Science Foundation of Lishui University (Project KY07002).
Notes
a Reaction condition: 3 mmol PhI, 3.3 mmol methyl acrylate, 3 mol% Pd/C, 8 mmol base (or phase separation salts), and solvent (10 mL), reflux at 80 °C for corresponding time by GC or TLC.
b Isolated yield.
c Added CTAB.
a Reaction condition: 3 mmol PhI, 3.3 mmol methyl acrylate, 8 mmol base, 3 mol% Pd/C, ethanol 6 ml, and water 4 ml, reflux at 80 °C for corresponding time by GC.
b Isolated yield.
a Reaction condition: 3 mmol ArX, 3.3 mmol olefin, 8 mmol K2HPO4, and 3 mol % Pd/C, aqueous two-phase system (10 mL) reflux at 80 °C for corresponding time by GC or TLC.
b MA: CH2 = CHCO2CH3, BA: CH2 = CHCO2(Bu-n), PTEA: CH2 = CHCO2CH2CH2SPh.
c Isolated yield.
d Exit about 1.4–2.0% double-substituted product from the GC/MS.
a In entry 2, 1.5 mol% Pd/C was used.