Abstract
The present work emphasizes on a green methodology using designed and synthesized basic ionic liquid, [n-butyl Urotropinium]OH, and commercially available aqueous solution of choline hydroxide [Ch]OH as catalysts for executing Aza-Michael addition of N-heterocycles to α,β-unsaturated compounds at room temperature. The highlighting features of these catalysts include using low concentration of both catalysts along with [Ch]OH being low cost and biodegradable, [n-butyl Urotropinium]OH significantly enhancing the high substrate/catalyst ratio to obtain the desired products in high yield and purity in most cases. Further, both catalysts were recyclable and recoverable up to five cycles.
Graphical Abstract
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Acknowledgments
The authors are thankful to Punjab Engineering College (Deemed to be University) for necessary facilities and RSIC-CIL, Panjab University, Chandigarh for spectroscopic analysis.