Based on MFe₂O₄ NPs catalyzed multicomponent reactions: Green and efficient strategy in synthesis of heterocycles

Abstract

Recovery and reusability of catalysts is an important aspect in modern catalysis research especially in organic synthesis. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are very attractive, especially, for biomedical applications, among which, ferrite nanoparticles (MFe₂O₄ NPs; M = Cu, Co, Ni, Zn, Mn, etc.) stand at the boundary between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, in the sense that in many cases they offer advantages from both, in terms of activity, selectivity, efficiency and re-usability. Ferrite nanocatalysts can be easily separated and recovered from the reaction mixture using an external magnet. One-pot multi-component reactions are one of the ideal synthesis methods in organic synthesis, which has received much attention in recent decades. In recent times, many publications reported in the literature based on the utilization of ferrite nanoparticles (MFe₂O₄ NPs) as a catalyst for the performance of multicomponent reactions. In this review, we discussed on the catalytic activity of MFe₂O₄ NPs in the performance of multicomponent reactions.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Ferrite nanocatalysts
• MFe₂O₄ NPs
• multicomponent strategy
• heterocycles
• magnetic separation