Zinc (II) complex immobilized on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles modified with phenanthroline: A novel and efficient nanomagnetic reusable catalyst for cross-coupling reaction of aryl iodides with terminal aromatic alkynes

Abstract

A novel and green nanomagnetic zinc catalyst were fabricated via the immobilization of zinc (II) complex on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles modified with phenanthroline (MNPs-Phen-Zn(II)). The structure of MNPs-Phen-Zn(II) nanomaterial was characterized by a series of spectroscopic techniques including FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, EDX, XRD, VSM, and ICP-OES. The resulting zinc nanomagnetic catalyst was shown high catalytic activity for the synthesis of disubstituted alkynes via C(sp²)–C(sp) cross-coupling reactions of alkynes with aryl iodides under eco-friendly conditions. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first report on the utilization of zinc nanomagnetic catalyst for the Sonogashira type cross-coupling reaction of alkynes with aryl iodides in the absence of added Pd and Cu sources. The simple preparation of the catalyst from commercially available materials, excellent chemoselectivity, easy separation of products, and straightforward recovery and reusability of the catalyst with unaltered activity make our procedure a green and practical method.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• C(sp²)–C(sp) cross-coupling reactions
• magnetic separation
• MNPs-Phen-Zn(II) nanomaterial
• zinc nanomagnetic catalyst