β-Enaminones from cyclohexane-1,3-diones: Versatile precursors for nitrogen and oxygen-containing heterocycles synthesis

Abstract

β-Enaminones derived from cyclohexane-1,3-diones reveal a vast variety of bioactivities including anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, etc. Further, these β-Enaminones are versatile precursors for the synthesis of several other important heterocycles that illustrates antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal, antitumor, calcium channel antagonist, cardiovascular, antiviral activities, etc. Recently, reactions of various β-enaminones with their counterpart for example aldehydes, Meldrum’s acid, N-arylitaconimides, malononitriles, cyanoacetamide, arylglyoxals, ortho-hydroxybenzyl alcohols, o-hydroxystyrenes, and acenaphthoquinone have been recognized for the synthesis of different nitrogen and oxygen heterocycles involving 2-quinolone, 1,4-dihydropyridine, acridine-1,8-dione, indoles, xanthenes, chromenones, etc. These significances of β-enaminones enthused us to assemble all newly developed methods for the creation of important nitrogen and oxygen-containing heterocycles, which are the chief attraction of this review article.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Acridine-1
• cyclohexane-1
• dihydropyridine
• 3-dione
• 8-dione
• β-enaminones
• xanthenes

Acknowledgments

D. S. would like to acknowledge the support of the Principal, Jagdish Chandra DAV College, Dasuya, Dist. Hoshiarpur, Punjab, India-144205. M. K. has a special thanks to the Principal Swami Vivekanand Govt College Ghumarwin, HP, India; S. K. especially thanks to the vice-chancellor of Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, for providing basic amenities during the work. P. D. is grateful to the Director of CSIR-IHBT for providing the necessary facilities during this work.