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Abstract
The limestone country in the Nandyal basin of Kurnool district has open‐air and cave occupations belonging to the Upper Palaeolithic and Mesolithic periods. During the time of Late Mesolithic occupation of the cave areas, Neolithic‐Chalcolithic village settlements geared to farming and pastoral economy sprang up in the Kunderu valley from c.2000 B.C. Ethno‐archaeological approach to the prehistory of this region with special reference to the evidence obtained from the Late Mesolithic occupation at MCG II rockshelter site and the Neolithic‐Chalcolithic village of Ramapuram helps to predict that the present pattern of adaptations to landscape ecology, and the exchange system between the hunter gatherers and village groups, have their beginnings in the prehistoric period of this region.
