The Thyroid Spiral

Abstract

Extraocular muscle involvement is a frequent occurrence from the endocrine ophthalmopathy that occurs in Graves disease. Although all of the extraocular muscles, especially in the posterior part of the orbit, have fatty infiltration followed by fibrosis, some muscles seem to be involved much more commonly than others. The thyroid spiral is an aid described to facilitate recall of which extraocular muscles are involved in order of frequency.

• thyroid eye disease
• spiral of Tillaux
• thyroid spiral
• ocular muscles