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Abstract
Dissociated vertical deviation (DVD) is commonly associated with congenital esotropia. The question as to whether DVD is a presenting feature in congenital esotropia or whether it occurs at a later stage has been debated in the literature. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of dissociated vertical deviation prior to the age of one year in patients with congenital esotropia.
Charts of all patients presenting to the Pediatric Ophthalmology Clinic with the diagnosis of congenital esotropia prior to one year of age were reviewed. Fifty-three patients meeting these criteria were found. Thirteen patients were excluded. The overall incidence of DVD in this group of patients was 70%. Twenty-one patients (53%) developed DVD by 12 months of age, with 13 (33%) present at first examination. Seven (18%) developed DVD after 12 months of age and 12 (30%) never demonstrated DVD. The mean follow-up period in this group of patients was two years with some patients followed for five years.
Based on this data, we conclude that at least 70% of patients with congenital ET develop DVD, and 53% will have DVD by the age of 12 months.