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Abstract
The prevalence of exotropia varies in different parts of the world. The true reason for this is not known but possible theories include duration of sunlight, intensity of sunlight and the subject's race. A literature search revealed a close correlation between the prevalence of exotropia and light intensity. Countries further from the equator and therefore with a lower light intensity reported a lower prevalence of exotropia. Also it was shown in several reports that Asian subjects had a higher prevalence of exotropia than Caucasians or Africans.
The management of exotropia in different countries was discussed. The timing and the indications for surgery varied in different countries. Conservative treatment, i.e., orthoptic exercises and minus lenses, were used less in North America compared to Europe or Australia. The management of exotropia in each country depended on teaching and medical resources that were available to each ophthalmologist. It was felt that ophthalmologists and orthoptists all carried out the best possible treatment that was available for their patients in their respective countries.