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Summary
The anatomy and distribution of the two species of viviparids occurring in Western Australia are consistent with the theory of a recent origin of Australian viviparids from S.E.Asia. Both species belong to the bellamyiniine genus Notopala Cotton. The evolution of these species reflects adaptation to permanent-water habitats in N. essingtonensis Frauenfeld and to seasonally dry habitats in N. waterhousii A. Adams and Angus.