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Abstract
This paper revises the Red Sea chiton fauna, of which 23 species are thusfar recorded. One new species is described (Leptochiton (Parachiton) hylkiae n. sp.) and two species are new for the Red Sea (Leptochiton nierstraszi Leloup and Leptochiton (Parachiton) sp.). Of these 23 species, five [Lepidozona luzonica (Sowerby), Callistochiton adenensis (E.A. Smith), Schizochiton jousseaumei Dupuis, Chiton peregrinus Thiele and Chiton (Rhyssoplax) heterodon (Pilsbry)], probably only occur in the southernmost partoftheRedSea. Records of chitons from the central and southern Red Sea are very scarce and most of the data available are based on old literature records and museum specimens.
As far as chitons are concerned, the Red Sea does not constitute a separate zoogeographical entity, but is part of the tropical western Indian Ocean zoogeographical province. Only 2 species (L. (P .) hylkiae n. sp. Lucilina perligera Thiele) are endemic to the Red Sea.
Lessepsian migration (from Red Sea to Mediterranean) of chitons is known only for Chiton (Tegulaplax) hululensis (E.A. Smith), recorded from the Mediterranean coast of Israel. There are no reliable records of antilessepsian migration.
Lectotypes are designated for Lepidopleurus concharum De Rochebrune, Chiton (Clathropleura) ruepelli Thiele, Chiton lyellii Sowerby, Chiton laqueatus Sowerby and Acanthochiton curvisetosus Leloup.