An Adsorption-Separation Process for Collecting and Analyzing Atmospheric Mercury Deposits—Development of a Chelex 100 Resin Column System

Abstract

Many previous studies for detecting the atmospheric mercury from wet deposition have been reported. In comparison, little effort has been made in studying mercury from dry deposition. There is currently no sampler that collects atmospheric mercury dry deposits. A new mercury dry deposition sampler has been designed conceptually. It employs a moving sheet of water to passively collect dry deposits of mercury. The water will be drained into a reservoir and recirculated through a resin column that is capable of retaining the mercury deposits. In this article, an adsorption-separation process is proposed for collecting and analyzing dry atmospheric mercury deposits through development of a Chelex 100 resin column system. When the water flows continually through the resin column, the mercury deposits will be adsorbed by the resin. After the sampling process, the mercury can then be separated from the resin through application of an acidic solution. The extracted solution that contains the separated mercury is then analyzed through a cold-vapor mercury analyzer. In this study, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid were tested. Chelex 100 resin (Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis) selected for this study was tested under laboratory conditions using solutions of known mercury concentration in order to determine its efficiency in adsorption and separation. The results indicate that Chelex 100 resin could adsorb more than 95% of the mercury in the test solutions with a pH range from 1.65 to 11.45. Sulfuric acid was found to have better overall performance than hydrochloric acid and nitric acid in extracting (desorbing) the mercury from the resin column. The highest desorption rate (95.2%) was achieved with 4 N H₂SO₄ for a mercury solution of pH 5.90. Development of the adsorption-separation process and identification of the optimal system conditions provides scientific bases for designing the sampler. The experimental results are also useful for other mercury-related studies.

Keywords:

• adsorption
• atmospheric dry deposits
• Chelex 100 resin
• desorption
• mercury
• sampler

Notes

This research has been supported by Environment Canada and the National Science & Engineering Research Council of Canada. The authors would also like to thank Ms. Yan Liu and Mr. Linsen Zhang for their help and support. Thanks are also due to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research, Faculty of Engineering and the Department of Chemistry at University of Regina, Environmental Conservation Branch of Environment Canada (Prairie and Northern Region), for providing assistance during the course of this research.