Mental Health of Lesbian, Bisexual, and Other-Identified Parents and Non-Parents from a Population-Based Study

ABSTRACT

Studies have compared sexual minority mothers (mostly lesbian) to heterosexual mothers on mental health, but little research has compared sexual minority women with and without children. This was the first study to compare sexual minority women who did or did not have children, using a population-based sample with three age cohorts. Unlike prior convenience studies, this study finds parents more likely to be bisexual, in a relationship with a man, and non-urban. Bisexual parents scored higher than lesbian parents on psychological distress and lower on life satisfaction and happiness; they also reported less connection to the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community. Among lesbians, the oldest non-parents reported more happiness and less psychological distress than the youngest non-parents. Parents with other identities perceived more social support from friends and reported lower levels of internalized homophobia than bisexual parents. The results will help professionals and policymakers understand how parenthood status affects women across sexual identities.

KEYWORDS:

• Sexual minority parents
• same-sex parenting
• lesbian parents
• bisexual female parents
• mental health
• parenthood status
• health disparities
• age cohorts
• population-based study

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

The authors report no funding in support of this paper.