A new 1-D energetic complex [Cu(2,3′-bpt)₂·H₂O]_n: synthesis, structure, and catalytic thermal decomposition for ammonium perchlorate

Abstract

A new energetic complex, [Cu(2,3′-bpt)₂·H₂O]_n (1) (2,3′-Hbpt = 3-(2-pyridyl)-5-(3′-pyridyl)1H-1,2,4-triazole), was synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analyses, elemental analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, and IR spectroscopy. The title complex belongs to the monoclinic system, space group P2₁/c. In the complex, one 2,3′-bpt⁻ is a chelate binding to Cu(II) centers forming a Cu(2,3′-bpt)⁺ unit. Then the other 2,3′-bpt⁻ adopts chelate/bridging tridentate mode linking adjacent Cu(2,3′-bpt)⁺ units to a zigzag chain along the (110) direction and a 1-D channel in the ac plane. Hydrogen-bond interactions link the channels into 2-D planes. The thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) with 1 was explored by differential scanning calorimetry from 323 to 773 K. AP is completely decomposed in a shorter time in the presence of 1, and the decomposition heat of the mixture is 1946 J g⁻¹, significantly higher than pure AP. By Kissinger’s method, the ratio of E_a/ln (A) is 12.23 for the mixture, which indicates that 1 shows good catalytic activity toward AP decomposition.

Graphical Abstract

A new energetic complex, [Cu(2,3′-bpt)₂·H₂O]_n, displays a 1-D channel in the ac plane and further links into 2-D planes by the hydrogen-bond interactions. AP is completely decomposed in a shorter time and releases more heat in the presence of complex 1. By Kissinger’s method, the ratio of E_a/ln (A) is 12.23 for the mixture, which indicates that complex 1 shows good catalytic activity toward AP decomposition.

Keywords:

• Energetic
• 2,3′-Hbpt
• Crystal structure
• Catalytic thermal decomposition