![Sample our Global Development journals, sign in here to start your access, latest two full volumes FREE to you for 14 days]({"type":"image" , "src" : "/sda/5929/TOC-Subject-Sample-2021-Global-Development.jpg"})
Abstract
Despite the shortcomings of the Millennium Development Goals as a development tool, they have proven to be an important communication tool that is worth preserving after 2015. Inclusion of important themes of the Millennium Declaration and elements of the capability theory is essential in a post-2015 system, as well as putting human rights and gender principles at its core. Process orientation rather than end goals could lead to ‘Millennium Development Actions’ with ‘Progress Signs’, which, represented in a circular symbol, form a ‘wheel of development’, complemented by a Wheel of Governance.
Acknowledgements
I want to thank Prof. Dr. J. Pronk and Prof. Dr. R. van der Hoeven for their review of this article.
Notes
1 For a full overview, see M Loewe, ‘The Millennium Development Goals: chances and risks’, German Development Institute, discussion paper 6/2008, Bonn 2008, p 3.
2 The Declaration is clearly divided into eight chapters: (1) Values and principles; (2) Peace, security and disarmament; (3) Development and poverty eradication; (4) Protecting our common environment; (5) Human rights, democracy and good governance; (6) Protecting the vulnerable; (7) Meeting the special needs of Africa; and (8) Strengthening the United Nations.
3 UN General Assembly, ‘Accelerating progress towards the Millennium Development Goals: options for sustained and inclusive growth and issues for advancing the United Nations development agenda beyond 2015’, A/66/126, New York, 11 July 2011.
4 Report number 74, The Hague, April 2011.
5 J Pronk, ‘Collateral damage or calculated default? The Millennium Development Goals and the Politics of Globalisation’, Inaugural Address as Professor of the Theory and Practice of International Development at the Institute of Social Studies, The Hague, 11 December 2003, pp. 3–4.
6 A Saith, ‘From universal values to Millennium Development Goals: lost in translation’, Development and Change, 37(6), 2006, pp 1167–1199.
7 A Ziai, ‘The Millennium Development Goals, back to the future?’, Third World Quarterly, 32(1), 2011, pp 27–43.
8 D Hulme, ‘The Millennium Development Goals (mdgs): a short history of the world's biggest promise’, BWPI Working Paper 100, September 2009, p 4 (with additions as annotated).
9 UN Conference on Trade and Development, ‘Follow-up to the Millennium Summit and preparations for the high-level plenary meeting of the general Assembly on the Millennium Development Goals: new development paths, reconnecting the Millennium Development goals to the development Agenda: an UNCTAD perspective’, Geneva, June 2010.
10 UN Secretary-General, ‘Keeping the promise; a forward-looking review to promote an agreed action agenda to achieve the Millennium Development Goals by 2015’, Report of the Secretary-General, UN General Assembly 64th session, February 2010, paras 5 and 116.
11 A Barnes and G Wallace Brown, ‘The idea of partnership within the mdgs’, Third World Quarterly, 32(1), 2011, p 170.
12 N K Poku and J Whitman, ‘The Millennium Development Goals and Development after 2015’, Third World Quarterly, 32(1), 2011, pp181–198, at p 193.
13 S Fukuda-Parr, ‘Are the mdg's priority in development strategies and aid programmes? Only a few are!’, International Poverty Centre, working paper 48, October 2008, p 13.
14 T Pogge, Politics as Usual: What Lies Behind the Pro-Poor Rhetoric, Cambridge: Polity Press, 2010, pp 65–66.
15 Idem, p 62 and Table 3.2.
16 W Easterly, ‘How the mdgs are unfair to Africa’, Brookings Global Economy and Development, Working Paper 14, Washington, November 2007 and S Fukuda-Parr and J Greenstein, ‘How should mdg implementation be measured: faster progress or meeting targets?’, International Policy Center for Inclusive growth, Working Papers 63, May 2010.
17 J Vandemoortele, ‘Taking the mdgs beyond 2015: hasten slowly’, see www.eadi.org, accessed July 2010.
18 The term good, bad and ugly was introduced by J Vandemoortele, ‘If not the Millennium Development Goals, then what?’, Third World Quarterly, 32(1), 2011, pp 9–25.
19 R Jolly, ‘Global goals: the UN experience’, Background Paper, Human Development Report, 2003.
20 Institute of Development Studies, ‘Review of impact and assessment of transparency and accountability studies’, prepared by Gregory Barrett, Richard Calland, Ruth Carlitz, Anuradha Joshi, Rosemary McGee, Andrés Mejía Acosta and the Society for Participatory Research in Asia, October 2010.
21 Advisory Council for International Affairs, ‘The post 2015 development agenda, the Millennium Development Goals in perspective’, report no 74, The Hague, April 2011.
22 A Ziai, ‘The Millennium Development Goals: back to the future?’, Third World Quarterly, 32(1), 2011, pp 27–43.
23 This definition is controversial and derived from the Advisory Council for International Affairs, ‘The post 2015 development agenda’.
24 I Kaul and RU Mendoza, ‘Advancing the concept of public goods,’ in I Kaul, P Conceição, K Le Goulven and R U Mendoza (eds), Providing Global Public Goods: Managing Globalization, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003, p 92.
25 E Östrom, R Gardner and J Walker (eds), Rules, Games, and Common Pool Resources, Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1994.
26 See B Leo and J Barmeier, ‘Who are the mdg trailblazers? A new mdg progress index’, Center for Global Development, Working paper 222, Washington, August 2010.