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Abstract
Globalising dynamics have had wide-ranging and pervasive impacts on nearly every form of human relatedness, which now include the bases upon which states calculate and express their political responsibilities. As the ‘reach’ of practical and normative pressures extends and their demands intensify, the compass of state responsibility is becoming a key pressure point for facing the challenges and mediating the tensions of our globalised and still globalising world. This theme is examined from a global health perspective. The general disposition of states toward their acknowledged political responsibilities is unlikely to change, but the combination of legal, normative, political and practical dynamics impinging on them have already begun to register, as both states and the international system adjust to a politics that now have global dimensions.
Notes
1. Lincoln, “Gettysburg Address.”
2. Pangle, The Roots of Political Philosophy.
3. Waldron, “Special Ties and Natural Duties”; Copp, “Idea of a Legitimate State.”
4. Braithwaite and Drahos, Global Business Regulation.
5. Hall and Bliersteker, The Emergence of Private Authority in Global Governance.
6. Weiss and Wilkinson, International Organisation and Global Governance.
7. Sorkin, Too Big to Fail.
8. Strange, Retreat of the State.
9. Rosenau, Along the Domestic–Foreign Frontier.
10. West, Social Movements in Global Politics.
11. Denemark, “Fundamentalisms as Global Social Movements.”
12. Kaldor, Global Civil Society.
13. Brock Cosmopolitanism versus Non-Cosmopolitanism.
14. Kaul, Providing Global Public Goods.
15. Bohman, “Citizenship and Norms of Publicity,” 176.
16. Jenson, “Getting to Sewers and Sanitation,” footnote 6.
17. Benhabib, “Twilight of Sovereignty,” 33.
18. Koh, “Why Do Nations Obey International Law?”
19. Kadens and Young, “How Customary is Customary?” 886.
20. McGinnis, “Comparative Disadvantage of Customary International Law.”
21. Greenwood, “Right of Humanitarian Intervention?”
22. Higgins, Problems and Processes.
23. Boudet, Petesch, and Turk, On Norms and Agency.
24. Crawford, “Blurring the Lines.”
25. Finnemore and Sikkink, “International Norm Dynamics and Political Change”; Brennan et al., Explaining Norms.
26. Sandholtz, Prohibiting Plunder, 2.
27. Khagram, Restructuring World Politics.
28. ‘t Hoen, “TRIPS, Pharmaceutical Patents,” 31.
29. Sassen, “Neither Global nor National.”
30. Kobrin, “Private Political Authority and Public Responsibility.”
31. Fishman, “Binding Corporations to Human Rights Norms”; Kinley and Chambers, “UN Human Rights Norms.”
32. Gamble, Ku, and Strayer, “Human-Centric International Law.”
33. Alston, Non-State Actors and Human Rights; Clapham, Human Rights Obligations of Non-State Actors; Fredman, Human Rights Transformed.
34. Nickel, “Are Human Rights Utopian?”
35. Shue, Basic Rights; Bradley, “Positive Rights, Negative Rights.”
36. Plant, Can There be a Right? 16.
37. Henderson, “The Eradication of Smallpox.”
38. Davis, “Human Rights and the Global Fund.”
39. Kutz, “How Norms Die”; Panke and Patersjohn, “Why International Norms Disappear.”
40. Fukuda-Parr and Hulme, “International Norm Dynamics.”
41. Haule, “Some Reflections.”
42. Fidler, “Theory of Open Source Anarchy,” 283.
43. International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty, Responsibility to Protect; Stahn, “Responsibility to Protect.”
44. Kurasawa, The Work of Global Justice.
45. Risse and Ropp, Power of Human Rights.
46. Cardenas, “Norm Collision,” 227.
47. Report of the UN Secretary-General’s High-Level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change, paragraph 19.
48. McInnes and Lee, Global Health and International Relations.
49. Evans, “Human Right to Health?”
50. UN General Assembly Resolution 217(III)A.
51. Hayden, “Human Right to Health.”
52. Farmer, Infections and Inequalities.
53. McInnes and Lee, Global Health and International Relations, 18–19.
54. McNeil, The Human Condition.
55. Barrett, Charles, and Temte, “Climate Change, Human Health.”
56. Kickbusch and Kökény, “Global Health Diplomacy.”
57. Gostin and Mok, “President’s Global Health Initiative,” 789.
58. Frenk and Moon, “Governance Challenges in Global Health,” 936.
59. Fidler, “After the Revolution,” 2–3.
60. Lister, Thacker, and Benatar, “Values in Global Health.”
61. Keshavjee, Blind Spot.
62. Martinelli, “Markets, Governments, Communities.”
63. Cahoy, “Breaking Patents”; Commission on Macroeconomics and Health.
64. Murphy and Whitty, “Is Human Rights Prepared?”; Davies, “Securitizing Infectious Disease.”
65. Fidler, “After the Revolution”; Morrison, “End of the Golden Era?”
66. Erskine, Can Institutions Have Responsibilities?
67. Moyn, The Last Utopia.