Medical management of first trimester miscarriage (blighted ovum and missed abortion): is it effective?

Abstract

This prospective study of 104 women investigated the dose-related efficacy of mifepristone combined with oral misoprostol in the management of first trimester miscarriage (missed abortion and blighted ovum). Forty-four women (group A) received 600 mg of oral mifepristone and 60 women (group B) received 200 mg of mifepristone, followed after 48 hours by oral misoprostol. Successful treatment was an empty uterus on scan and no bleeding after 10 days. This was achieved in 70.5% of group A and 66.7% of group B. Also studied were amount and time to cessation of bleeding, pain scores, analgesic requirements, adverse effects and infections. Of group A, 54.5% had heavy bleeding and bleeding stopped on average by 8 days. Median pain scores were 5.5 on a linear scale and 18% of women received intramuscular opiate analgesia. Adverse effects were nausea in 25% of women and diarrhoea in 16%. Of group B, 38.3% had heavy bleeding and bleeding stopped on average by 7 days. Median pain scores were 4.5 with 25% of women receiving intramuscular opiates. Nausea occurred in 7% of women and diarrhoea in 7%. We concluded that 200 mg of mifepristone and oral misoprostol is as effective and better tolerated than 600 mg mifepristone with oral misoprostol. Medical management of miscarriage is a valid option for those women seeking an alternative to traditional surgical management.