Medical management of first trimester incomplete miscarriage using misoprostol

Abstract

This prospective study looked at the effectiveness of 400 μg oral misoprostol in the management of women with a first trimester incomplete miscarriage with retained products of conception measuring between 15 mm and 50 mm on transvaginal ultrasound scan. Of 164 eligible women, 131 agreed to participate. Successful treatment, defined as an empty uterus on scan after 10 days with no bleeding, was achieved in 77.7% of women. Some women with retained products opted to have further misoprostol or conservative management instead of surgical evacuation and in total 92.4% of women completed their miscarriage without requiring surgery. Most bleeding was mild (31.3%) to moderate (38.9%), lasting on average 6.4 days. Forty-five per cent of women needed no pain relief, 51% received oral analgesia and 4% intramuscular opiates. Adverse effects included nausea (10.93%), diarrhoea (2.34%), vomiting (7.8%) and hypotension (4.68%). There were no infections. We concluded that a single dose of 400 μg of oral misoprostol was an effective treatment for women presenting with an incomplete miscarriage.