OD as muddling: Implications for communication consultants

Abstract

This paper posits that communication consultants, in becoming grounded in the theory and practice of OD interventions, must recognize the subtle, potentially unforeseen problems inherent in most interventions. This argument is developed in three stages. First, OD as a problematic process is discussed by comparing it with Lindblom's analysis of “Muddling Through.” Second, each of the problem areas suggested by this comparison is developed. Finally, implications are derived on the basis of this comparison.