Fabrication and Gamma-Ray Irradiation Effect on Optical and Mechanical Properties of Germano-Silicate Glass Fibers with Inner Cladding of B and F Doped Silica Glasses

ABSTRACT

The effect of glass composition, pure silica glass, boron-doped and fluorine-doped silica glasses of inner cladding, in the germano-silicate glass core fibers on optical and mechanical properties upon the γ-ray irradiation was investigated. Enhanced radiation hardening at 1,550 nm was found in both the B- and F-doped fibers after the γ-ray irradiation with dose-rate of 1.25 kGy/h. The radiation-induced attenuation (RIA) was found to increase in the order of the B-doped fiber, the F-doped fiber, and the silica fiber. While no major influence on the refractive index of the fibers after the γ-ray irradiation was found, the residual stress was slightly changed.

KEYWORDS:

• Optical fiber
• cladding glass composition
• optical properties
• gamma-ray radiation
• radiation-induced attenuation

Acknowledgments

This work was partially supported by the Advanced Technology Radiation Laboratory of the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute and the Korea Electric Power Corporation (Project Number: KEPRI-16-23), South Korea.

Data-availability

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

Declaration of interest statement

The authors declare that they do not have conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Korea Electric Power Corporation [KEPRI-16-23].

Notes on contributors

S. Ju

S. Ju was born in Jinju, S. Korea. He received the Ph.D. degree in Graduate Program of Photonics and Applied Physics from Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, S. Korea, in 2011. From 2005 to 2008, he was a Senior Research Engineer with Optical Fiber R&D Center in OptoNest Corp., where he worked in the area of high power optical fiber laser, Q-switched fiber lasers, attenuation fiber, and specialty optical fiber devices. Since 2011, he was a Postdoctoral Fellow and a Professor (in contract) in the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, GIST. His research interests are in the field of specialty optical fibers and optical materials for high nonlinear optical fibers, high power fiber lasers, and all-optical fiber sensors for industrial and medical applications.

P. R. Watekar

P. R. Watekar was born in Falegaon of Yavatmal district in India. He received the Ph.D. degree from Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kharagpur, India, in 2003. Currently he is working as a BrainPool Scientist at Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Korea (on leaves from Sterlite Technologies Limited, Rakholi, India as an R&D manager). His research interest areas include specialty optical fibers for optical communication applications, high-power optical fiber lasers, quantum dots-doped optical fibers, specialty optical fiber devices, and optical fiber cables.

Y.-T. Ryu

Y.-T. Ryu was born in Busan, S. Korea, in 1993. He received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in Physics and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, S. Korea, in 2016 and 2018, respectively. Since 2018, he was a Ph.D. candidate in the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, GIST. His research interests are in the areas of development of the field of biomedical application of optical fiber tip, and specialty optical fibers for current sensor.

Y. Lee

Y. Lee was born in Jinhae, S. Korea, in 1990. He received the B.S. degree in Electronic Engineering from Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea, in 2015, and M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from the Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, in 2017. Since 2017, he has been studying in the course of Ph.D. degree with the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (GIST), Gwangju, S. Korea. His research interests include the areas of development of optical current sensors, highly nonlinear optical fibers, and specialty optical fiber devices.

S. G. Kang

S. G. Kang is currently a post-doctoral researcher in the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, S. Korea. He received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in Materials Science and Engineering from Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea, in 2007 and 2009, respectively and the Ph.D. degree in Materials Science and Engineering from Korea University, Seoul, S. Korea in 2015. From 2015 to 2016, he was a post-doctoral researcher in the Center for Thin Film Materials at Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology. His main research interest is nano-materials for photonics applications.

Y. Kim

Y. Kim was born in Suncheon, S. Korea, in 1986. He received the B.S. degree in electronic and electrical engineering from Hongik University, Seoul, S. Korea, in 2008, and his PhD in Department of Physics and Photon Science from GIST, Gwangju, S. Korea, in 2016. He is now working as a senior researcher at Korea Photonics Technology Institute. His research interests are in the areas of fiber-optics sensor systems and applications.

K. Linganna

K. Linganna born in Andhra Pradesh, India. He received M.S. and Ph.D degrees from the Department of Physics, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India in 2006 and 2012, respectively. During Ph.D, he visited Heriot-Watt University, UK for six months under UKIERI program and worked on ‘Waveguide inscription in rare earth doped glasses for integrated optics’. Then he worked as Research Associate in Yogi Vemana University (December 2012 to October 2013) and Sri Venkateswara University (November 2013 to June 2014), Andhra Pradesh, India. During the period of Research Associate at Sri Venkateswara University, he visited Centro de Investigaciones en Optica A.C., Leon, Mexico under India-Mexico collaborative program and worked on rare earth doped tellurite and phosphate glasses for the development fiber lasers. From July 2014 to August 2016, he worked as a post-doctoral fellow at Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology, Korea. His research activities involve preparation and characterization of rare earth doped glasses and glass fibers fabricated by melt quenching technique and fiber drawing processes, respectively, for the development of photonic devices, such as lasers, amplifiers, sensors, and so on.

Y. H. Kim

Y. H. Kim was born in Daejeon, S. Korea. He received the B.S. degree in physics from Sogang University, Seoul, Korea, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in information and communications engineering from Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea, in 1997, 1999, and 2004, respectively. From 2004 to 2005, he was with LS Cable & System, S. Korea as a senior researcher. In 2006, he joined LG Chem, Ltd., Korea as a senior researcher. Since 2012, he has been with Korea Photonics Technology Institute (KOPTI), Gwangju, S. Korea, as a senior researcher. His current research interests are in the area of specialty optical fibers, such as rare-earth doped fibers for high power fiber lasers, high nonlinear optical fibers for optical sensing applications, bending insensitive fibers for FTTH applications, and so on.

W.-T. Han

W.-T. Han (e-mail: [email protected], ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8145-9697) was born in Busan, S. Korea. He received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in Materials Science and Engineering from Seoul National University, Seoul, S. Korea, in 1979 and 1981, respectively and the Ph.D. degree in glass science from Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, U.S.A. in 1988. From 1981 to 1983, he was with Dong-A University, S. Korea, as a full-time Instructor. He moved to the Center for Glass Science and Technology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, and worked as a Senior Research Fellow from 1988 to 1991. In 1991, he returned to S. Korea and worked as the Head of the Glasses and Photonics Laboratory, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology. Since 1998, he has been with Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea, as a Professor with the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. From 2004 to 2005, he was a Visiting Professor with the Electrical Engineering Department, Stanford University, CA. U.S.A. He has produced more than 600 publications, including journal/conference papers, patents, and book contributions. His research interests are in the field of specialty optical fibers for optical communication applications, nonlinear optical fibers, high-power fiber lasers, optical switching devices, optical parametric amplifier, and fiber sensors and fiber lasers for medical applications.