Ultrafast Optical Encoder Using Photonic Crystal Ring Resonator

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we design and simulate a two-dimensional photonic crystal-based high speed logical encoder for optical computing application. The encoder consists of a ring resonator, four waveguides and two reflectors arranged in a hexagonal lattice platform. The optical encoder works on the interference effect which guides the propagation of light in the desired path. The light behavior is simulated with four different logic states. The Plane Wave Expansion (PWE) method is used to analyze the band gap and Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) analyzes the performance characteristics of the encoder, such as bit rate, delay time, and contrast ratio. The proposed structure has a footprint area of 143.84 µm². The small compact size structure with simple defect paths reduces the encoder delay time, which in turn increase the data bit rate. The response time of the proposed encoder is 0.119 ps and bit rate is 8.403 Tbps. The encoder is designed with very low output power in “0” logic state and high output power in “1” logic state leading to high contrast ratio of 22.57 dB. Therefore, highly efficient 4 × 2 optical encoder is suitable to build in optical integrated circuits.

KEYWORDS:

• Optical encoder
• photonic crystal
• ring resonator
• contrast ratio

Authors contributions

T.B: Design, Simulated and Wrote the main manuscript text.

R. A and R. R: Validation, Visualization and Editing. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

Acknowledgments

Not Applicable.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Availability of materials and data

Not Applicable.

Ethical approval

Not Applicable.

Additional information

Funding

Not Applicable.

Notes on contributors

T. Beni Steena

T. Beni Steena received her B.E degree from M.Kumarasamy college of Engineering, Karur, awarded M.E degree in Optical Communication from A.C. college of engineering and Technology, Karaikudi. Currently she is working as Assistant Professor in the department of Electronics and Communication Engineering at Kongunadu College of engineering and technology, Trichy, Tamilnadu, India. She has 8 years of teaching experience and pursuing Ph.D. as part time research scholar in Anna University, Chennai. Her area of interest lies in Optical Communication, Fiber Optics and Photonic Crystals.

R. Asokan

R. Asokan Principal, Kongunadu College of Engineering and Technology is an acclaimed academician and researcher with a total experience of 34 years. He received his B.E. degree from Bharathiyar University, Coimbatore, M.S from Birla Institute of Technology, Pilani, M.Tech from Pondicherry University, Pondicherry and Ph.D from Anna University, Chennai. Under his guidance, 11 scholars received their doctoral degree and 10 are working towards their doctoral degree. He has published more than 150 research papers in Journals and Conference Proceedings. He delivered more than 60 Guest Lectures in various sponsored Faculty Development Programmes, Short Term Training Programmes and chaired many Educational summits.

R. Rajasekar

R. Rajasekar is an assistant professor, department of ECE at the SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tiruchirappalli, India. He is the author of 15 journal papers and has written one book chapters. His current research interests include optical interconnects, photonic crystal devices, and optical communication systems.