Testing a Structural Model of Psychological Well-Being, Leisure Negotiation, and Leisure Participation with Taiwanese College Students

Abstract

A theoretically constructed model combining psychological well-being, negotiation, and participation was tested using structural equation modeling on Taiwanese college students (N = 464). The results provided partial support for the proposed model in that the autonomy and self-acceptance dimensions of psychological well-being had significant positive effects on negotiation strategies. However, contrary to predictions, the personal growth and purpose in life dimensions had significant negative effects on college students’ use of negotiation strategies. Developing a psychological profile of successful negotiation among college students using this framework may aid in predicting who will activate their negotiation efforts, and thus enhance the effectiveness of interventions for health promotion.

Keywords:

• leisure negotiation
• psychological well-being
• structural equation modeling

Notes

The paper-based test score ranges between 310 and 677.

Autonomy: I tend to worry about what other people think of me; Being happy with myself is more important to me than having others approve of me; It's difficult for me to voice my own opinions on controversial matters; I often change my mind about decisions if my friends or family disagree. Purpose in Life: My daily activities often seem trivial and unimportant to me. Self-Acceptance: I feel like many of the people I know have gotten more out of life than I have; The past had its ups and downs, but in general, I wouldn't want to change it.

Chi-square/df = 2.90; RMSEA = .06; NFI = .89; CFI = .94; IFI = .94. The standardized coefficients for the six factor loadings of PWB were all significant at the .05 level.

Time Management: I cut short my activity session; I get up earlier; I stay up late; I cut short time for work, school and family; I participate at times the facilities are not too crowded. Interpersonal Coordination: I try to find someone to give a ride; I’m willing to participate with people I don't know. Improve Finances: I participate in less expensive leisure activities. Physical Fitness: I try to sleep more so I feel like participating. Change Leisure Aspirations: I participate in activities that I am good at; I purposely participate in activities not competitive; I try to select activities where I can avoid conflict.

Chi-square/df = 1.79; RMSEA = .04; NFI = .92; CFI = .96; IFI = .96.