Boredom in Free Time: Relationships with Personality, Affect, and Motivation for Different Gender, Racial and Ethnic Student Groups

The propensity to experience boredom in free time was investigated by exploring relationships with the individual's demographic characteristics, personality, motivational orientation, and affective style assessed through group-administered questionnaires to 999 university students. The self-as-entertainment personality attribute consistently predicted the likelihood that students would be bored, and inverse relationships with extraversion and intrinsic motivational orientation were found for all student groups. Multiple regression analyses revealed that race, ethnicity, and gender were the only significant demographic predictors of the likelihood an individual would be bored in free time. Group similarities and differences in depicting students who were prone to experience boredom in free time are described.

Keywords:

• affect
• boredom
• ethnicity
• free time
• gender
• motivation
• personality
• race

The authors are indebted to the editors and anonymous reviewers who extended their expertise to offer helpful suggestions to the authors in revising this manuscript.

Notes

∗All p < .01 or better after Bonferroni correction.